全文获取类型
收费全文 | 104篇 |
免费 | 6篇 |
国内免费 | 44篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 11篇 |
环保管理 | 7篇 |
综合类 | 70篇 |
基础理论 | 15篇 |
污染及防治 | 32篇 |
评价与监测 | 16篇 |
社会与环境 | 3篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 7篇 |
2022年 | 6篇 |
2021年 | 16篇 |
2020年 | 5篇 |
2019年 | 6篇 |
2018年 | 5篇 |
2017年 | 4篇 |
2016年 | 6篇 |
2015年 | 5篇 |
2014年 | 10篇 |
2013年 | 4篇 |
2012年 | 6篇 |
2011年 | 11篇 |
2010年 | 5篇 |
2009年 | 6篇 |
2008年 | 6篇 |
2007年 | 2篇 |
2006年 | 5篇 |
2005年 | 1篇 |
2004年 | 1篇 |
2003年 | 3篇 |
2002年 | 5篇 |
2001年 | 1篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 3篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 4篇 |
1991年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有154条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
MODIS遥感气溶胶光学厚度产品在地面能见距中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用气象站点能见距的历史资料和NASA的MODIS卫星遥感手段获取10km*10km分辨率的气溶胶光学厚度资料,建立二者之间的季节平均关系,得到了上海地区季节变化的气溶胶标高,并利用标高数据和气溶胶光学厚度的季节分布,反演出上海地区季节变化的区域能见距分布,研究近地层大气气溶胶与地面能见距的关系,分析上海市能见度时空分布特征,结果显示:上海城区在冬春季平均能见距较差,市区中心能见距在10km以下;低能见距中心分布明显,且主要分布在杨浦、桃浦、吴淞等工业区范围. 相似文献
72.
Aerosol particles were collected in the situation of the widespread dust suspension on 21 February 1991 at Qira in the southern edge of the Taklamakan Desert, western China. The collected particles were examined by a transmission electron microscope equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyzer in order to obtain the size and elemental composition of individual mineral particles.On the basis of EDX analyses for 386 particles, mineral particles were present in high number fractions (>99%) of particles in the radius range of 0.1–4 μm. Particles mainly composed of silicates comprised 76% of mineral particles. “Ca-rich” particles were detected in 7% of all the particles. Ca in the particles would be present not only as CaCO3 but also as an internal mixture of CaCO3 and CaSO4. Particles containing halite (NaCl) were detected in number proportions of about 10% and were mainly present in the radius range of 0.5 μm. Some halite particles would be modified by chemical reactions with sulfuric acid. 相似文献
73.
Characteristics of major secondary ions in typical polluted atmospheric aerosols during autumn in central Taiwan 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fang GC Lin SC Chang SY Lin CY Chou CC Wu YJ Chen YC Chen WT Wu TL 《Journal of environmental management》2011,92(6):1520-1527
In autumn of 2008, the chemical characteristics of major secondary ionic aerosols at a suburban site in central Taiwan were measured during an annually occurring season of high pollution. The semicontinuous measurement system measured major soluble inorganic species, including NH(4)(+), NO(3)(-), and SO(4)(2-), in PM(10) with a 15 min resolution time. The atmospheric conditions, except for the influences of typhoons, were dominated by the local sea-land breeze with clear diurnal variations of meteorological parameters and air pollutant concentrations. To evaluate secondary aerosol formation at different ozone levels, daily ozone maximum concentration (O(3,daily max)) was used as an index of photochemical activity for dividing between the heavily polluted period (O(3,daily max) ≧80 ppb) and the lightly polluted period (O(3,daily max)<80 ppb). The concentrations of PM(10), NO(3)(-), SO(4)(2-), NH(4)(+) and total major ions during the heavily polluted period were 1.6, 1.9, 2.4, 2.7 and 2.3 times the concentrations during the lightly polluted period, respectively. Results showed that the daily maximum concentrations of PM(10) occurred around midnight and the daily maximum ozone concentration occurred during daytime. The average concentration of SO(2) was higher during daytime, which could be explained by the transportation of coastal industry emissions to the sampling site. In contrast, the high concentration of NO(2) at night was due to the land breeze flow that transport inland urban air masses toward this site. The simulations of breeze circulations and transitions were reflected in transports and distributions of these pollutants. During heavily polluted periods, NO(3)(-) and NH(4)(+) showed a clear diurnal variations with lower concentrations after midday, possibly due to the thermal volatilization of NH(4)NO(3) during daytime and transport of inland urban plume at night. The diurnal variation of PM(10) showed the similar pattern to that of NO(3)(-) and NH(4)(+) aerosols. This indicated that the formatted secondary aerosols in the inland urban area could be transported to the coastal area by the weak land breeze and deteriorated the air quality in the coastal area at night. 相似文献
74.
S. Takahama S. Gilardoni L.M. Russell A.L.D. Kilcoyne 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2007,41(40):9435-9451
A scanning transmission X-ray microscope at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is used to measure organic functional group abundance and morphology of atmospheric aerosols. We present a summary of spectra, sizes, and shapes observed in 595 particles that were collected and analyzed between 2000 and 2006. These particles ranged between 0.1 and 12 μm and represent aerosols found in a large range of geographical areas, altitudes, and times. They include samples from seven different field campaigns: PELTI, ACE-ASIA, DYCOMS II, Princeton, MILAGRO (urban), MILAGRO (C-130), and INTEX-B. At least 14 different classes of organic particles show different types of spectroscopic signatures. Different particle types are found within the same region while the same particle types are also found in different geographical domains. Particles chemically resembling black carbon, humic-like aerosols, pine ultisol, and secondary or processed aerosol have been identified from functional group abundance and comparison of spectra with those published in the literature. 相似文献
75.
Patrick Louchouarn Li-Jung Kuo Terry L. Wade Michele Schantz 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(35):5630-5636
The present study tested the extraction efficiency and quantification reproducibility of anhydrosugars in a series of NIST SRMs using two extraction protocols and isotopically-labeled (d7-levoglucosan) vs. chemically analogous (sedoheptulosan) surrogates. In both instances, levoglucosan concentrations in the different versions of the Washington, D.C. urban dust standard (SRM 1649, 1649a, 1649b, and RM 8785) were similar. The present test also showed that levoglucosan concentrations were not affected by long-term shelf storage of dry material. Variability of analyses were similar for both surrogates and averaged <5%. Surrogate recoveries were shown to average 103 ± 7% and 97 ± 7% for d7-levoglucosan and sedoheptulosan, respectively. The choice of solvent was shown to affect recoveries the most (but not variability). Levoglucosan concentrations were either seriously underestimated or overestimated with ethyl acetate extraction when d7-levoglucosan or sedoheptulosan was used as surrogate, respectively. These results point to the need to use some fraction of polar solvent (i.e. methanol) in the solvent mixture. Anhydrosugar concentrations in the urban dust from the Czech Republic (candidate SRMs 2786 and 2787) were characterized by 3- to 7-fold higher anhydrosugar concentrations than those observed in the Washington, D.C. urban dust. The internal anhydrosugar signatures (i.e. levoglucosan/mannosan ratio: L/M) confirm the predominance of biomass combustion sources in both SRM series with mixed inputs from hardwood and softwood combustion in the Washington, D.C. urban dust and a predominantly softwood source in the Prague urban dust. The uniform distribution of anhydrosugars, across the particle size distribution of both SRM series, confirms earlier studies that low temperature charred materials contribute significant inputs to atmospheric ultrafine particles with long atmospheric residence time and transport ranges. 相似文献
76.
The 5-day forward and backward trajectories of air mass transport to three Russian Arctic points for each day in April and July over a 10-year period from 1986 to 1995 have been analyzed. The important features and seasonal differences in air exchange processes in various areas of the Arctic have been investigated. Taking into account seasonal variations in aerosol scavenging mechanisms and velocities, the average contributions of large highly industrialized regions of the Russian Arctic air pollution were estimated for April and July. Reasonable correspondence between the calculated mean concentrations for six anthropogenic chemical elements (As, Ni, Pb, V, Zn, Cd) and experimentally determined values have been obtained. The atmospheric pollution transport from the Arctic was studied as yet another way of cleaning the Arctic atmosphere, in addition to the traditionally considered wet and dry depositions onto the surface. The average apportionment of conservative contaminants after passing the observation points was estimated for spring and summer. The air masses passing through the observation points in spring may take about 20–40% of pollutants out of the Arctic. In summer, however, more than 90% of pollutants transported into the Russian Arctic deposit within 5 days onto the surface inside the Arctic region. The monthly average fluxes of six anthropogenic elements onto the surface in the Russian Arctic were estimated for April and July. 相似文献
77.
Aerosol plays a key role in determining radiative balance, regional climate and human health. Severe air pollution over Northeast China in recent years urges more comprehensive studies to figure out the adverse effects caused by excessive aerosols. In this study, column aerosol measurements over urban Harbin, a metropolis located at the highest latitude in Northeast China, during May 2016 to March 2017 were conducted using a CIMEL sun-photometer to analyze local aerosol properties and its variation from different aspects. According to the observations, aerosol optical depth at 440 nm (AOD440) ranges from 0.07 up to 1.54, and the large variability in both AOD440 and Angstrom Exponent (AE440–870) indicates the frequent change of aerosol types due of different emission sources. Coarse mode particles dominated Harbin during the studying period because of the long-range transported dust and probably the suspended snow crystals in winter. As the wavelength increases, relatively consistent decrease trends of single scattering albedo (SSA) and asymmetry factor (ASY) were observed in spring, autumn, and winter, indicating the presence of absorbing polluted aerosols. Mixed type (MIX) aerosol dominated the study region with a total percentage of 34%, and biomass burning and urban industry (BB/UI), clean continental (CC), and desert dust (DD) aerosols were found to be 31%, 27%, and 8%, respectively. The current work fills up the optical characteristics of aerosols in Harbin, and will contribute to the in-depth understanding of local aerosol variation and regional climate change over Northeast China. 相似文献
78.
Menghao Chen Liangliang Shi Gang Liu Xiaojin Wu Yun Lu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(7):95
79.
80.
Mark R. Sippola William W Nazaroff 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2003,37(39-40):5597
Empirical equations were developed and applied to predict losses of 0.01–100 μm airborne particles making a single pass through 120 different ventilation duct runs typical of those found in mid-sized office buildings. For all duct runs, losses were negligible for submicron particles and nearly complete for particles larger than 50 μm. The 50th percentile cut-point diameters were 15 μm in supply runs and 25 μm in return runs. Losses in supply duct runs were higher than in return duct runs, mostly because internal insulation was present in portions of supply duct runs, but absent from return duct runs. Single-pass equations for particle loss in duct runs were combined with models for predicting ventilation system filtration efficiency and particle deposition to indoor surfaces to evaluate the fates of particles of indoor and outdoor origin in an archetypal mechanically ventilated building. Results suggest that duct losses are a minor influence for determining indoor concentrations for most particle sizes. Losses in ducts were of a comparable magnitude to indoor surface losses for most particle sizes. For outdoor air drawn into an unfiltered ventilation system, most particles smaller than 1 μm are exhausted from the building. Large particles deposit within the building, mostly in supply ducts or on indoor surfaces. When filters are present, most particles are either filtered or exhausted. The fates of particles generated indoors follow similar trends as outdoor particles drawn into the building. 相似文献